Python Random module

The Python Random module is a built-in module to generate the pseudo-random variables. It can be used perform some action randomly such as to get a random number, selecting a random elements from a list, shuffle elements randomly, etc.

The Python random module functions depend on a pseudo-random number generator function random(), which generates the float number between 0.0 and 1.0.

This module defines several functions to generate random numbers.

We can use these functions while developing games, in cryptography and to generate random numbers on fly for authentication.

random() Function:

This function always generate some float value between 0 and 1 ( not inclusive)

0<x<1

from random import *

for i in range(10):

print(random())

Output

0.4572685609302056

0.6584325233197768

0.15444034016553587

0.18351427005232201

0.1330257265904884

0.9291139798071045

0.6586741197891783

0.8901649834019002

0.25540891083913053

0.7290504335962871

randint() Function:

To generate random integer between two given numbers(inclusive)

from random import *

for i in range(10):

print(randint(1,100)) # generate random int value between 1 and 100(inclusive)

Output

random.choice()

This function returns a randomly selected element from a non-empty sequence.

# importing “random” module.

import random

# We are using the choice() function to generate a random number from

# the given list of numbers.

print (“The random number from list is : “,end=””)

print (random.choice([50, 41, 84, 40, 31]))

OUTPUT:

The random number from list is : 84

random.shuffle()

This function randomly reorders the elements in the list.

random.randrange(beg,end,step)

This function is used to generate a number within the range specified in its argument. It accepts three arguments, beginning number, last number, and step, which is used to skip a number in the range. Consider the following example.

import random

print (“A random number from range is : “,end=””)

print (random.randrange(100, 500, 10))

OUTPUT:

A random number from range is : 290