The Python Random module is a built-in module to generate the pseudo-random variables. It can be used perform some action randomly such as to get a random number, selecting a random elements from a list, shuffle elements randomly, etc.
The Python random module functions depend on a pseudo-random number generator function random(), which generates the float number between 0.0 and 1.0.
This module defines several functions to generate random numbers.
We can use these functions while developing games, in cryptography and to generate random numbers on fly for authentication.
random() Function:
This function always generate some float value between 0 and 1 ( not inclusive)
0<x<1
from random import *
for i in range(10): print(random()) Output 0.4572685609302056 0.6584325233197768 0.15444034016553587 0.18351427005232201 0.1330257265904884 0.9291139798071045 0.6586741197891783 0.8901649834019002 0.25540891083913053 0.7290504335962871 |
randint() Function:
To generate random integer between two given numbers(inclusive)
from random import *
for i in range(10): print(randint(1,100)) # generate random int value between 1 and 100(inclusive) Output 51 44 39 70 49 74 52 10 40 8 |
random.choice()
This function returns a randomly selected element from a non-empty sequence.
# importing “random” module.
import random # We are using the choice() function to generate a random number from # the given list of numbers. print (“The random number from list is : “,end=””) print (random.choice([50, 41, 84, 40, 31]))
OUTPUT: The random number from list is : 84 |
random.shuffle()
This function randomly reorders the elements in the list.
random.randrange(beg,end,step)
This function is used to generate a number within the range specified in its argument. It accepts three arguments, beginning number, last number, and step, which is used to skip a number in the range. Consider the following example.
import random
print (“A random number from range is : “,end=””) print (random.randrange(100, 500, 10)) OUTPUT: A random number from range is : 290 |
random.seed()
This function is used to apply on the particular random number with the seed argument. It returns the mapper value
# importing “random” module.
import random # using random() to generate a random number # between 0 and 1 print(“The random number between 0 and 1 is : “, end=””) print(random.random())
# using seed() to seed a random number random.seed(4) OUTPUT: The random number between 0 and 1 is : 0.4405576668981033 |
uniform() Function:
It returns random float values between 2 given numbers (not inclusive)
from random import *
for i in range(10): print(uniform(1,10))
Output 9.787695398230332 6.81102218793548 8.068672144377329 8.567976357239834 6.363511674803802 2.176137584071641 4.822867939432386 6.0801725149678445 7.508457735544763 1.9982221862917555 |
choice() Function:
It won’t return random number.
It will return a random object from the given list or tuple.
from random import *
list=[“Sunny”,”Bunny”,”Chinny”,”Vinny”,”pinny”] for i in range(10): print(choice(list)) OUTPUT: Bunny pinny Bunny Sunny Bunny pinny pinny Vinny Bunny Sunny |
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